Synechias (see the picture) are presence of fusions (commissures) between the balanus and prepuce that impedes balanus release. Very often there can be seen physiological caseosa or smegma. Smegma is a curdy mass which is a good nutrient medium for microorganisms. And very often it is the cause of inflammatory processes such as balanitis. Synechias are recommended to be separated in order to prevent inflammations and causes for ascending infection of urinary tracts in future.
Spermatocele (see the picture) - or epididymis cyst appears due to partial deferent duct obstruction of the epididymis. This most often occurs at the age of 6 up to 14 years old. Steadily growing cyst negatively influences the surrounding tissues, promoting duct of epididymis compression and dysfunction of male gonad.When the cysts are little, conservative treatment is welcomed by the majority of urologists.
Surgical treatment is required when it is apparent that the cyst deforms the surrounding tissues. This treatment implies thorough excision of the cyst's walls with minimal traumatization of the epididymis' tissue, that in its turn allows to preserve the patient's genital function. To that end contemporary urologists use optical magnification and microsurgical instruments.
Hypospadias - вis a congenital malformation, which is characterized by wrong position (location) of the urethra. Besides, constriction of external urethral opening, hypoplasia and curvature of a penis are observed under hypospadias. Intensity of the enumerated symptoms depends on the form of hypospadias. Treatment for this abnormality is only surgical one. A child should be either under an urologist's or andrologist's supervision.
Hypogonadism - is hypogenitalism (underdevelopment) of male genitals. It is caused by disturbance of hormonal function of testicles that in future can reveal in the form of impotency and sterility. By 12 - 13 years children can have diseases connected with intensive growth, change of hormonal background ad negative heredity.
Gynecomastia - is when mammary [lactiferous] glands of a boy enlarge as that of a woman's. This pathology is linked to mis-functioning of gonads, and is one of the symptoms of a testis tumour.
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