As a rule the 1st stage of varicocele doesn't require surgical treatment. Wearing trunks (that tighten the scrotum), contrast douche; physical exercises (especially swimming) conservative therapy are recommended.
Surgical treatment is necessary at the 2nd and 3rd stages of varicocele. With children this operation is performed under general anesthesia, with adults, as a rule under local anesthesia.
There are approximately ninety variants of operations that fall within 3 major methods:
- Open (usual) operation
- Endovascular occlusion
- Endoscopic operation
The most popular operation in Russia is ligation of branches of testicular vein (Ivanissevich's; Palomo's and Palomo-Erokhin's). But recently laporoscopic occlusion of branches of testicular vein, as well as endovascular occlusion of the left testicular vein has got a wide distribution.
The essence of surgical treatment is ligation of the testicular vein, what stops pathologic blood flow to the testis.
Complications are seldom to occur. The most frequent complication is scrotal hydrocele that can develop during postoperative period. According to data up to 20% of cases after surgical treatment are subject to recurrence.
Bilateral varicocele is a rare pathology. As a rule when diagnosed, complete urological examination is recommended, to exclude serious pathological processes!
Social and psychological adaptation plays a very important role in the postoperative period. Monthly (within 6 months after operation) examination of doctor in charge of the case will help prevent recurrence of the disease.
Why does varicocele occur? What are the causes of varicocele?
Manifestation, symptoms and danger of varicocele
Methods of treatment, complications and recommendations
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